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Stainless Steel is a common name for metal alloys that consist of 10.5% or more Chromium (Cr) and more than 50% Iron (Fe). It is highly stain resistant. A somewhat dark metal, but looks bright because it reflects light. While the original form of stainless steel, (iron with around 12% Chromium) is still in widespread use, engineers now have a wide choice of different types (grades). In all, there are more than 100 different grades but these are usually sub-classified into distinct metallurgical "families" such as the austenitic, ferritic, martensitic and duplex families.





The proportions of iron to chromium may be varied and other elements such as nickel, molybdenum, manganese and nitrogen may be added to widen the range of capabilities. Each particular grade of stainless steel has its own unique mechanical and physical properties and will usually be produced in accordance with an established national or international specification or standard.

World Austenitic and Ferritic Stainless Steel Production (1985 - 2005)

Source: Inco, BNP Paribas Estimates